The share of 'green ' energy in the world will continue to grow. For example, the largest oil company BP predicts that by 2030 the production of energy from renewable sources (except hydropower and biofuels ), quadruple. A projected Bloomberg New Energy Finance, the growth will be more than eightfold, and the power of ' clean ' energy by 2030 reached 2.5 TWh. Moreover, after 2020 50% of input ' alternative ' facilities will be solar. According to forecasts of Suntech Power Holdings, by 2015 half of the countries of the world solar energy will be equal to the cost of traditional energy.
UN General Assembly proclaimed 2012 the first year of ' sustainable energy for all'. After all, now 1.4 billion people ( more than a quarter of inhabitants of the Earth ) still have no access to modern energy. The initiative envisages that by 2030 should be addressed three interrelated objectives: to provide access to modern energy services for all inhabitants of the planet, the intensity of world energy consumption should be reduced by 40%, while the share of renewables in global energy balance - to achieve 30%. This is a good reference point for countries that want to be nonvolatile.
We've learned that on the background of these benchmarks the situation in Ukraine does not look too inspiring. From the first years of independence, much has been said and done, even something to improve our energy efficiency. But until now from renewable sources (excluding large hydro ) have produced less than 1 % of the electricity industry and the level of energy consumption is much higher than the world average. At the same time Ukraine is increasingly dependent on Russian energy.
But lately it seems to have put in motion. A powerful stimulus was the introduction of the so-called 'green' tariffs for those who produce and sell electricity generated from renewable sources, as well as tax incentives. Moreover, Ukraine is not to reinvent the wheel, and went through other countries, including European.
In previous years, growth in 'green' electrical power was almost zero, then in 2011 was commissioned more than 235 MW. The most optimistic to date is the development of sun and wind power (and this is a global trend ). Gosenergoeffektivnosti predicts that this year they increased with the power of 600 MW (300 MW - wind and solar ). According to the state agency Nikolai Pashkevich, now the pace of development of renewable energy in Ukraine is ahead of all European countries. If we keep this pace, then, according to optimistic estimates, by 2020 will reach today's European indices, ie 12 % share of electricity from renewable sources in total energy.
Unconditional sensation was launched in 2011 by Austrian company Activ Solar Two solar power plants in the Crimea - a 100- megawatt ' Perovo ' and the 80- megawatt ' Okhotnikov '. In terms of installed capacity of the park ' Perovo ' has become the largest operating photovoltaic park in the world. This is followed by the Canadian Sarnia ( 97 MW), Italy Montalto di Castro (84,2 MW), the German Senftenberg ( 82MVt ) and Finsterwalde (80,7 MW). And before that (first 2011 ) Activ Solar has completed a pilot project in Crimea - a 7.5- megawatt solar plant ' Rodnikovoe '.
Following the pioneer investors simply is pushed into the industry. For example, a group of companies Ekotechnik Praha in 2012, plans to launch a 42- megawatt SES in Kiev region ( construction began in 2011 ), and begin construction of SES in the Vinnytsia region capacity of 54 MW. And the Israeli SunElectra announced plans to build in the current year in the Odessa region of about 10 solar stations with total capacity of 25-30 MW.
Group ' Wind Parks of Ukraine ' in the last year has completed the construction of the first two 25 MW wind farm queues ' Novoazovsk ' in the Donetsk region and ' Ochakovsky ' in Nikolaev. In January, ' Novoazovsk ' added another 5 vetrustanovkami, and now its capacity is 37.5 MW already. In February, the group plans to begin installing wind turbines at another site in the Mykolayiv region - ' Berezanskaya '. In its plans - the creation of the Crimea network of six wind turbines (in Saksky, Soviet, and Leninsky districts Pervomaisk ). The estimated capacity of the complex is 1062.5 MW. Given that the total capacity of four existing wind farms in the Crimea, now amounts to 59 MW. A corporation ' DTEK ' plans before the end of 2012 to install 30 generators at wind farm site Botievskoy ' DTEK Priazovsky '. The total capacity of the park, consisting of 3 sites (' Botievskoy ', ' Coastal ' and ' Berdyansk ') should reach 500 MW.
In January, news agencies reported that a consortium Greenworx Holding NV ( Belgium) and Guris Construction and Engineering Co. (Turkey) purchased from EuroUkrWind Ltd ( Cyprus), the construction of West-Crimean wind power ( Saki and Black Sea districts of the ARC ) with a capacity of 250 MW. Begin construction of a consortium of WPP expects in the fourth quarter of 2012.
Just recently, the German company WKN at a meeting with representatives of the Council of Ministers of Crimea introduced the investment project, which includes the construction of 'turnkey' and further operation of wind power capacity of 400 MW and Dzhankojsky Krasnoperekopskiy areas. Its cost - U.S. $ 1 billion.
And this is only the most major projects. Constructed a number of smaller. So the company ' Rentehno ' building. solar station. capacity of 1.79 MW in the Vinnytsia region, as well as studying the possibility of SES installation of up to 5 MW in Kherson and Cherkasy regions. In general, the portfolio ' Rentehno ' in the last year has reached 12 MW. In the Kherson region company ' Vindkraft Ukraine ' last year was first installed capacity of 3 MW wind turbine. This year, the company intends to increase the number of wind turbines up to nine. A French Beten International announced plans to build in the Kherson region SES 12.8 MW capacity, equipped with sun tracking systems.
In addition, in 2011 in Ukraine, commissioned half a dozen small hydropower plants with total capacity of more than 3 MW. And this is not a complete list of projects in the field of 'green ' energy. And all this - against the backdrop of the deteriorating situation on world markets, and extremely difficult to attract funding in Ukraine.
It is easy to see that all these projects will have to decide or resolve the problem of energy-deficient regions, which, without exaggeration, appreciate every megawatt capacity. At the same time, the rapid development of alternative energy stimulates the development of domestic industry. This is a direct requirement of the law ... As is known, the share of domestic equipment and labor in the total cost of power plants, whose construction will begin this year, must be at least 15 %, from January 1, 2013 - 30 %, from January 1, 2014 - 50%. And it is universal practice - encourage their producers in the EU, and overseas. For example, in Canada for 'green' tariffs proportion of local components must be at least 60%.
Equipment for small hydropower plants already producing Kharkiv JSC ... One of the world leaders, German Fuhrlaender now builds equipment for wind energy production at JSC ... Perhaps his example will be followed by other prominent world producers. For solar energy in growing single crystals and polycrystals ( bars ) and the plates are engaged in manufacturing companies ' silicone ', ' Prologue Semikor ' and ' Pillar ', and the production of solar cells and assembly of solar panels - ' Quasar '. According to representatives of the ' Quasar ', a relatively small capacity for assembling photovoltaic panels can significantly increase in a fairly short period of time. Building such a plant requires a maximum of a year, and you can install any power line.
One of the largest and most ambitious investment projects in the last decade is being implemented at the Zaporozhye ' Semiconductor Plant '. This is a prime example of creating a large-scale high-tech manufacturing. The plant was rebuilt from the ruins of the fact. Total investment in the project should exceed one billion euros (already invested over 420 million euros). The result - Ukraine is among the world 's leading manufacturers of ' pure ' silicon - the raw material for the solar industry and electronics industry. Until recently, such a technologically sophisticated and large-scale production could afford only six countries: USA, Japan, Germany, Norway, Italy and China. It is said that polysilicon production - not only the most technologically complex, capital-intensive component and solar energy. After starting the first stage in 2011 ... Many of the technologies used in the Zaporozhye plant, introduced the world's first. The project has involved a number of scientific and higher educational institutions of the country.
According to Gosenergoeffektivnosti, only in Ukraine in 2011 sold more than 2.5 thousand projects aimed at improving energy efficiency. This is a third more than in 2010. The life of forcing businesses to move faster otchestvennyh. It is important that government not only did not cease support for such projects, but also continuously improve the system of incentives and simplified procedures for existing. Our competitive - only in our hands.
Eugene Skachko.
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